Approche théorique sur la transmission et la génétique du virus du West Nile
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Date
2025
Authors
بونفلة ,منار
عبايدية ,هناء أسعاد
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
المدرسة العليا لأساتذة التعليم التكنولوجي بسكيكدة
Abstract
The West Nile fever virus is a virus primarily transmitted by mosquitoes and can cause infections in humans and animals, notably horses.
This theoretical work is set in Algeria and aims to analyze the mechanisms of virus transmission, its genetic structure, as well as its vectors, particularly mosquitoes of the genus Culex, and its natural reservoirs such as migratory birds. It highlights the influence of Algerian climatic conditions Mediterranean in the north and Saharan in the south on mosquito proliferation and the risk of virus spread.
The study reviews the history of reported human and animal cases in Algeria since 1968, with particular attention to the major epidemic that occurred in 2023, which affected several wilayas and caused numerous severe, and even fatal, cases. It underscores weaknesses in the current surveillance system, notably the absence of active entomological monitoring, the lack of regular serological data, and poor coordination of interventions.
In response to these findings, the work proposes a prevention and control strategy based on the "One Health" approach, integrating epidemiological and entomological surveillance, preventive vaccination of equids in risk areas, public awareness, and the implementation of sustainable mosquito control measures.